First Principles reasoning: assumption cascade, challenge matrix, inverted solution, boundary test.
Most problems are solved by analogy—we apply a solution that worked for a similar problem. First Principles reasoning discards analogy and rebuilds fr...
Pre-mortem: failure obituary, 3 root causes (technical/organizational/market), early warning timeline.
A pre-mortem imagines the project has already failed—then works backward to understand why. This bypasses optimism bias, groupthink, and the tendency ...